[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":29},["ShallowReactive",2],{"topic-en-strength-of-materials\u002Fbasic-concepts-and-types-of-deformation\u002Fmaterial-properties-and-models":3},{"topic":4,"trail":14,"children":24,"tasks":25,"alternates":26},{"id":5,"name":6,"locale":7,"path":8,"seo_title":9,"seo_description":10,"seo_text":11,"content_html":12,"content_chunks":13},156,"Basic Material Properties and Models","en","strength-of-materials\u002Fbasic-concepts-and-types-of-deformation\u002Fmaterial-properties-and-models","Material Models: Homogeneity, Isotropy and Anisotropy","Homogeneous and heterogeneous, isotropic, anisotropic and orthotropic materials, plus linear and nonlinear material models.","This topic introduces key material idealizations in Strength of Materials: homogeneity, heterogeneity, isotropy, anisotropy and orthotropy, together with linear, nonlinear, elastic and elastoplastic behavior.","\u003Cp>Every calculation equation relies on a particular \u003Cstrong>material model\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Before using it, we must understand which properties are assumed to be the same at different points and directions and how the material responds to loading.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Homogeneity and heterogeneity\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>A homogeneous model assumes the same properties at all points of the considered volume. In a heterogeneous material, properties vary spatially. Real microstructures are heterogeneous, but at a suitable engineering scale a material can often be represented by effective homogeneous properties.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Isotropy and anisotropy\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>An \u003Cstrong>isotropic\u003C\u002Fstrong> material model has the same mechanical properties in every direction. In an \u003Cstrong>anisotropic\u003C\u002Fstrong> material, properties depend on direction. \u003Cstrong>Orthotropy\u003C\u002Fstrong> is an important special case with three mutually perpendicular material symmetry directions; it is commonly used for wood and laminated composites.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Linearity and nonlinearity\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>In a linear-elastic model, stress and strain are linearly related within the model’s range of applicability. Nonlinear response may result from material behavior, large deformation, or other physical effects.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Why the model matters\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Equations and constants derived for isotropic materials cannot be applied to anisotropic materials without verification. The model must match the material, scale, loading direction, and required accuracy.\u003C\u002Fp>",[],[15,19,23],{"id":16,"name":17,"path":18},45,"Strength of Materials","strength-of-materials",{"id":20,"name":21,"path":22},142,"Basic Concepts and Types of Deformation","strength-of-materials\u002Fbasic-concepts-and-types-of-deformation",{"id":5,"name":6,"path":8},[],[],{"en":27,"uk":28},"https:\u002F\u002Fmechclassroom.com\u002Fen\u002Ftopics\u002Fstrength-of-materials\u002Fbasic-concepts-and-types-of-deformation\u002Fmaterial-properties-and-models","https:\u002F\u002Fmechclassroom.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fopir-materialiv\u002Fosnovni-poniattia-ta-vydy-deformatsii\u002Fmodeli-ta-vlastyvosti-materialiv",1787712538213]